Your typical electric freezer works by compressing, condensing, and evaporatinga refrigerant gas to absorb the heat out of the items being frozen. It works on the concept that gasses, when condensed into a liquid, release heat, and when they evaporate, they absorb heat. After the compressor does its thing, the pressurized, very hot refrigerant gas is then sent through a condenseroutside the freezer to allow the gas to cool to room temperature and also, due to the cooling and the fact that it is still under high pressure, condense into a liquid. After the refrigerant has flown through the coils of the condenser and cooled to room temperature, it is forced through a small valve or orifice into a low pressure chamber inside the cold area of the freezer known as the evaporator. Inside the evaporator the refrigerant liquid rapidly expands into a gas because it is no longer under the pressure required to keep it in liquid state. The evaporation of the refrigerant causes it to absorb the heat from its surroundings making it cold and also freezing the items in your freezer. Once it flows through the evaporator, the refrigerant gas is drawn back into the compressor where the cycle repeats and the heat absorbed from within the evaporator is released though condenser.
Inside a freezer (usually where you can't see it) is a series of copper or steel pipes that contain a refrigerant gas such as R-22 or R-134a. These gasses are designed in a laboratory to evaporate and condense at specific pressures and temperatures most advantageous to the refrigeration process. The refrigerant system starts with the compressor. The compressoris a high pressure pump driven by an electric motor to compress the refrigerant gas at high pressures. Compressing the refrigerant gas causes it to release heat, increasing the temperature of the refrigerant to drastically gets hotter.
